Indium
Indium is silver white and slightly pale blue metal texture, very soft, can use a nail nick. In the plasticity, ductility, can be pressed into tablets. Indium is mainly used in the manufacture of low melting alloy, bearing alloy, semiconductor, electric light and other raw materials.
Indium is non-toxic, but should avoid contact with skin and ingestion. [1]
Chinese name of indium
English name Indium
Symbol In
The atomic weight of 114.818
No. CAS 231-180-0
Find Richter
Catalog
1 a brief history of discovery
2 mineral resource distribution
3 physical properties
4 chemical properties
5 application areas
6 preparation process
1 a brief history of discovery
Edit
In nature undiscovered in the free state of elemental indium, 1863, Germany Lai Xihe Richter and spectroscopic studies of sphalerite and found new elements, namely indium.
Thallium was found and obtained, the German Freiberg (Freiberg) Mining College Physics Teaching
Indium
Indium
Give some properties of thallium raich because of interest, hoping to get enough metal experiment. So in 1863 he began to search for the metal in Fort Seaman, Rochester Seef Frei produced zinc ore. The ore contains ingredients of arsenic bearing pyrite, sphalerite, Hui galena, silica, manganese, copper and a small amount of tin, cadmium and other. Reich holds which may also contain thallium. Although the experiment spent a lot of time, he did not get the desired elements. But he has not a component of grass yellow precipitate. He thought it was a new element in the sulfide.
Only the use of spectrum analysis to prove this hypothesis. But Reich is blind, had to request his assistant Richter H.T. spectral analysis experiment. Richter in the first experiment is a success, he in light microscopy found indigo blue open wire, position and cesium two bright blue lines do not coincide, is from the Greek "Indigo" indikon a word naming it for indium (111In) (in). Two scientists jointly signed report found that indium. The separation of metal indium is to complete the two of them together. They first to isolate the indium chloride and hydroxide, the torch on the charcoal reduced to metal indium, in 1867 at the French Academy of Sciences display.

Application field
Indium ingot because of the light permeability and electrical conductivity, mainly for the production of ITO target material for production of liquid crystal display and flat screen, this purpose is indium ingot is the main consumption areas, accounting for 70% of global consumption of indium.
The next several areas of spending are: electronic semiconductor industry, accounting for 12% of global consumption; solder and alloy field accounted for 12%, industry accounted for 6%. On the other, because of its soft nature in some industries also need filler metal for seam. Such as: high temperature vacuum gap filling material.
In medicine, liver, spleen, bone marrow scan with colloidal indium. Brain and kidney scanning using indium -DTPA. Lung scanning with indium -Fe (OH) 3 particles. Placental scanning with indium -Fe- ascorbic acid. Hepatic blood pool scan carried by indium ferritin. [5]
Gallium and indium alloy synthesized by liquid metal, forming a solid solution alloy at room temperature can be liquid, the surface tension for every 500 meters milli Newton. This means that under the external force, when this alloy is placed in a flat on the table will be a nearly perfect spheres remain unchanged. When a small amount of current through the stimulation, the sphere surface tension will be reduced, the metal will stretch on the desktop. If the charge from negative to positive, the liquid metal will again become spherical. Change the size of the voltage can also adjust the metal surface tension and viscosity of the metal block, in order to make it into different structures. This study can also be used to help repair human severed nerves, to avoid long-term disability. The researchers claim that the breakthrough to help build a better circuit, self repair type structure. [6]