Rare metals are also regarded as strategic metals, which is an important guarantee for safeguarding the fundamental interests of the country. It has a very important strategic significance for the national economic security, the industrialization process and the international competitiveness.
Rare metals are also regarded as strategic metals, which is an important guarantee for safeguarding the fundamental interests of the country. It has a very important strategic significance for the national economic security, the industrialization process and the international competitiveness. Because of the important strategic value of the rare metal mineral distribution is not balanced, the advantages of the development and utilization of resources are concentrated in a small number of countries and regions. Uneven distribution of resources, so that tungsten, tantalum, beryllium, indium and other rare metals, as well as rare earth metals, platinum group's strategic position is more prominent, becoming an important area of international competition of resources.
1 the strategic metal mineral rose to the national strategic urgency
The rare strategic metals have obvious scarcity and non substitution, which is an important functional material to support the development of strategic emerging industries, with the continuous innovation of modern science and technology, the market demand for a variety of functional metallic materials. Especially in the process of technological innovation, some of which are considered to be very limited in the use of metal, because of a major breakthrough in technology, and has a very important strategic value.
On the one hand, the development of high-end manufacturing and emerging industries, especially in the forefront of scientific and technological industries, is the atomic energy, aerospace, semiconductor, specialty steel, heat resistant alloy and cutting edge weapons, etc.. With the advent of the 4 era of industry, the core components of the intelligent robot, high-end chips and other industries will accelerate the development of. The development of these industries can not be separated from the rare metals, such as gallium, indium indium indium is an important raw material for the production of high-end chips. 3D printing of large metal materials in the high-end manufacturing industry, whether it is the 3D printer itself or the printed metal parts, are all kinds of rare metal tungsten, titanium, vanadium, etc..
On the other hand, in recent years, the rapid growth of the demand for strategic metals, as a key element in the high-tech industry, the current number of strategic metal resources are difficult to replace. The global economy, especially in the developed world, is a relatively developed economy, such as the United States, Japan and the European Union, which have a rigid demand for the metal mineral. Related research shows that in 2030 the emerging field of demand for emerging minerals, such as gallium, indium and other emerging minerals will rise 2-20 times in 2006, the global demand for strategic metals will continue to rise.
2 countries in the world to intensify the strategic layout of the strategic metal mineral
For a long time, the United States, Japan, Canada as the representative of the western developed countries, has been the implementation of the global strategy as an important part of the overall national strategy, and the national political, economic, diplomatic, military, financial and other policies and organic combination, with the changes in the shape of the country to adjust to ensure national economic security.
The United States as the world's first formal establishment of a national strategic reserve of resources of the country. As early as 1939 the United States began to implement the focus of mineral reserves, the development of the strategic material reserves act on the country's oil, coal, rare earth and other oil exploration, long-term reserves from foreign low-cost purchase. By 1985 the reserves of strategic resources to reach 93 categories of 63, including oil, uranium, aluminum, antimony, chromium, gold and other important mineral. With its strong military and economic power, the United States has established a global allocation of security system and a huge strategic reserve system for the global allocation of strategic resources for the global multi-level and multi-channel. With the changes in the domestic and international resources supply and demand situation, continue to increase the variety of resource reserves, and a large number of machines to buy a large number of global strategic resources. Japan as a mineral resource is very barren island, by actively pursuing overseas mineral exploration subsidy program, encourage overseas mining, access to the global strategy of mineral resources.
Since entering the new century, the world pattern has changed greatly. Under the trend of globalization, the competition of resources is becoming more and more fierce. The development of resources has become more and more obvious. In recent years, the world's major countries in the development and utilization of strategic metals to enhance the strategic height, the United States, the European Union, Japan, South Korea, the United Nations Environment Program and other countries or international organizations have developed a list of strategic metals mineral resources.
In July 2009, the Japanese government proposed the "rare metal protection strategy" on the definition of rare metals as "the rare earth stock, due to technical and economic factors to extract difficult, modern industry and the future along with the technological revolution, the formation of the new industrial metal." And proposed 31 kinds of mineral (including 47 elements) as a priority to consider mineral. June 2010 "the raw material of life and death in the EU" report, the 14 kinds of major metallic minerals identified includes 35 elements for the "Guan Jianyuan materials" (). In December 2011 the United States Department of energy released the "2011 key materials strategy", put forward 14 kinds of metal as the key minerals, countries on the strategic metal resources of the competition and competition is fierce.
3 strategic metal mineral resources of the great power game growing
From the distribution and competitive landscape of strategic metal mineral resources, the key metal minerals in the EU, the United States, Britain and other developed economies, there are a lot of advantages for China's mineral resources. According to the United States Geological Survey of mineral resources in the annual assessment of the total output of China's total production of 90%, 60% of the total production of gallium, germanium production accounted for 68%, graphite production accounted for 65%